Cholera toxin receptor
WebAbstract. Stimuli-responsive receptors for the recognition unit of the cholera toxin (CTB) have been prepared by attaching multiple copies of its natural carbohydrate ligand, the GM1 oligosaccharide, to a thermoresponsive polymer scaffold. Below their lower critical solution temperature (LCST), polymers complex CTB with nanomolar affinity. Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. CTX is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera infection. It is a member of the heat-labile enterotoxin family. See more Cholera toxin was discovered in 1959 by Indian microbiologist Sambhu Nath De. See more The complete toxin is a hexamer made up of a single copy of the A subunit (part A, enzymatic, P01555), and five copies of the B subunit (part B, receptor binding, P01556), denoted as AB5. Subunit B binds while subunit A activates the G protein which activates See more The gene encoding the cholera toxin was introduced into V. cholerae by horizontal gene transfer. Virulent strains of V. cholerae hold a … See more • Enterotoxin • Ganglioside See more Cholera toxin acts by the following mechanism: First, the B subunit ring of the cholera toxin binds to GM1 gangliosides on the surface of target cells. If a cell lacks GM1, the toxin most likely binds to other types of glycans, such as Lewis Y and Lewis X, … See more Because the B subunit appears to be relatively non-toxic, researchers have found a number of applications for it in cell and molecular … See more • De, Sambhu Nath. Enterotoxicity of bacteria-free culture filtrate of Vibrio cholerae. Nature. 30 May 1959. 183:1533–4. • McDowall, Jennifer (Sep 2005). "Cholera toxin". Protein of the Month (POTM). Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe). … See more
Cholera toxin receptor
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WebIn several cases high affinity receptors for those biological factors have been isolated from target cells and characterized as protein, and the binding to gangliosides is generally of much lower specificity and affinity (with the … WebNov 4, 2024 · Cholera toxin B (CTB) Receptors: Polysialogangliosides and SV2 [10,11] CMG2 and TEM8 [12,13] GM1 : Oligomerization: None: A 3 B 7 or A 4 B 8 [15,16] AB 5 [5,17,18] Cellular compartments: From synaptic membrane to synaptic vesicles [19,20] From plasma membrane to early endosomes and late endosomes :
WebThe production of cholera toxin (CT) is an essential virulence property of epidemic strains of Vibrio choleraeO1. Each CT molecule is composed of five B (binding) subunits and …
WebApr 8, 2024 · Germline-encoded pattern-recognition receptors ... First, it was observed that the combination of LPS plus cholera toxin B (CTB), as well as certain enteric Gram-negative bacteria, can trigger ... WebThe receptor for cholera toxin on the cell membrane appears to be a complex containing the ganglioside GGnSLC (or GM1). Cholera toxin is a protein composed of two different …
WebJun 15, 1983 · Incubation of platelets with the putative cholera toxin receptor monosialoganglioside GM1 enhanced 125I-labelled cholera toxin binding at least 40-fold but facilitated only a minimal (less than or equal to 3-fold) elevation of platelet cyclic AMP levels. In contrast, dithiothreitol-activated cholera toxin markedly stimulated adenylate …
WebOct 14, 2012 · Cholera toxin is a badass motherfucker. Cholera toxin is composed 6 protein sub-units. Five B subunits, and 1 A subunit. The five B subunits are receptor proteins that do the binding, and the A unit is the enzymatic portion. Once produced, the B subunits of the cholera toxin bind to gangliosides on intestinal epithelia. bosch ワイパー a844sWebCholera toxin (CT) is an 84-kd heterodimer composed of 5 B subunits that encircle a single A subunit. The B subunit is responsible for binding to the monoganglioside GM1 … 壁 モルタルWebThe cholera toxin is composed of two subunits, that are A subunit and B subunit. Cholera toxin after binding with the cell surface receptor, the receptor-ligand complex is internalized by the endocytosis process. Then …. Cholera toxin binding to its receptor on the cell surface is an example of the protein kinase A signaling pathway receptor ... bosch ワイパー a864sWebThey must express receptors that specifically recognize and bind that particular messenger molecule. ... By what mechanism does cholera toxin elicit the symptoms of cholera? It modifies Gα-subunits and inhibits their GTPase activity in the cells of … 壁 モールテックスWebAug 24, 2004 · Cholera toxin has binding and enzymatically active subunits that acti-vate the adenylate cyclase system of cells in the intestinal mucosa leading to increased levels of intracellular cAMP (11). The effect is dependent on a specific receptor, a monosialo-ganglioside (GM 1), present on the luminal surface of epithelial cells. The A 1 subunit of ... 壁 マスキングテープ 貼り方WebDiphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.the pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria.The … bosch ワイパー h840WebJan 1, 2024 · Structurally, cholera toxin belongs to the AB 5 bacterial toxin family named after the characteristic architecture consisting of a catalytically active A-subunit associated with nontoxic pentameric B-subunit (B 5).The A-subunit is of 258 amino acids (aa) in length in strain V. cholerae El Tor N16961 (locus number VC1457). This consists of signal … bosch ワイパーブレード a402h